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B6db activities: 2.6.1.2

2.6.1.2
Description Alanine aminotransferase
Alternative names Glutamic--alanine transaminase;
Glutamic--pyruvic transaminase;
GPT;
ALT.
Catalyzed reaction L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate.
Cofactor Pyridoxal-phosphate.
Comments -!- 2-aminobutanoate acts slowly instead of alanine.
Family 2.6.1.2a includes archaeal and bacterial enzymes similar to the prototypical alanine aminotransferase from Pyrococcus furiosus.

Family 2.6.1.2b is composed by eukaryotic enzymes.

Family 2.6.1.2c is based on the the preliminarly characterized YfdZ (AlaC) enzyme from E. coli.

PDB 1XI9; 3TCM; 2X5D; 4CVQ;
Organisms -Eubacteria -Archea -Plants -Fungi -Metazoa -Human
 

Family 

2.6.1.2_a (0) 2.6.1.2_b (0) 2.6.1.2_c (0) 2.6.1.2_d (0)
 
Links Enzyme (activities) 2.6.1.2
BRENDA (activities) 2.6.1.2
KEGG (pathways) 2.6.1.2
PLPMDB (PLP mutants) 2.6.1.2
 
References
 Jansen RS, Mandyoli L, Hughes R, Wakabayashi S, Pinkham JT, Selbach B, Guinn KM, Rubin EJ, Sacchettini JC, Rhee KY (2020) Aspartate aminotransferase Rv3722c governs aspartate-dependent nitrogen metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Nat Commun 11 1960.

 Hasegawa D, Kito K, Maeda T, Rai V, Cha-Um S, Tanaka Y, Fukaya M, Takabe T (2019) Two groups of thermophilic amino acid aminotransferases exhibiting broad substrate specificities for the synthesis of phenylglycine derivatives Protoplasma 256 1727-1736.

 Escalera-Fanjul X, Campero-Basaldua C, Colón M, González J, Márquez D, González A. (2017) Evolutionary Diversification of Alanine Transaminases in Yeast: Catabolic Specialization and Biosynthetic Redundancy Front Microbiol 8 1150.

 Peña-Soler E, Fernandez FJ, López-Estepa M, Garces F, Richardson AJ, Quintana JF, Rudd KE, Coll M, Vega MC (2014) Structural analysis and mutant growth properties reveal distinctive enzymatic and cellular roles for the three major L-alanine transaminases of Escherichia coli PLoS One 9 e102139.

 McAllister CH, Facette M, Holt A, Good AG. (2013) Analysis of the enzymatic properties of a broad family of alanine aminotransferases PLoS One 8 e55032.

 Yoneyama H, Hori H, Lim SJ, Murata T, Ando T, Isogai E, Katsumata R. (2011) Isolation of a mutant auxotrophic for L-alanine and identification of three major aminotransferases that synthesize L-alanine in Escherichia coli Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 75 930-8.

 Kim SH, Schneider BL, Reitzer L. (2010) Genetics and regulation of the major enzymes of alanine synthesis in Escherichia coli J Bacteriol 192 5304-11.

 Koma D, Sawai T, Hara R, Harayama S, Kino K. (2008) Two groups of thermophilic amino acid aminotransferases exhibiting broad substrate specificities for the synthesis of phenylglycine derivatives Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2008) 79:775 – 784 79 775-84.

 Rajamohan, F.; Nelms, L.; Joslin, D.L.; Lu, B.; Reagan, W.J.; Lawton, M. (2006) cDNA cloning, expression, purification, distribution, and characterization of biologically active canine alanine aminotransferase-1 Protein Expr Purif 48 81-9.

 Marienhagen J, Kennerknecht N, Sahm H, Eggeling L. (2005) Functional analysis of all aminotransferase proteins inferred from the genome sequence of Corynebacterium glutamicum J Bacteriol 187 7639-46.

 Jadhao SB, Yang RZ, Lin Q, Hu H, Anania FA, Shuldiner AR, Gong DW. (2004) Murine alanine aminotransferase: cDNA cloning, functional expression, and differential gene regulation in mouse fatty liver Hepatology 39 1297-302.

 Yang, R.Z. Blaileanu, G. Hansen, B.C. Shuldiner, A.R. Gong, D.W. (2002) cDNA cloning, genomic structure, chromosomal mapping, and functional expression of a novel human alanine aminotransferase Genomics 79 445-50.

 Ward, D.E.; Kengen, S.W.; van Der Oost, J.; de Vos, W.M. (2000) Purification and characterization of the alanine aminotransferase from the hyperthermophilic Archaeon pyrococcus furiosus and its role in alanine production J Bacteriol 182 2559-2566.

 Chen, Z.Y.; Burow, M.D.; Mason, C.B.; Moroney, J.V. (1996) A low-CO2-inducible gene encoding an alanine: alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Plant Physiol 112 677-84.

 Muench, D.G.; Good, A.G. (1994) Hypoxically inducible barley alanine aminotransferase: cDNA cloning and expression analysis Plant Mol Biol 24 417-27.

 Umemura, I.; Yanagiya, K.; Komatsubara, S.; Sato, T.; Tosa, T. (1994) Purification and some properties of alanine aminotransferase from Candida maltosa Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 58 283-7.

 Son D, Sugiyama T (1992) Molecular cloning of an alanine aminotransferase from NAD-malic enzyme type C4 plant Panicum miliaceum Plant Mol Biol 20 705-13.

 Ishiguro, M.; Takio, K.; Suzuki, M.; Oyama, R.; Matsuzawa, T.; Titani, K. (1991) Complete amino acid sequence of human liver cytosolic alanine aminotransferase (GPT) determined by a combination of conventional and mass spectral methods Biochemistry 30 10451-7.

Articles on 2.6.1.2
 
last changed 2019/06/20 13:26

B6db activities