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B6db references: 10557334

type Journal Article
authors Wolosker, H.; Blackshaw, S.; Snyder, S. H.
title Serine racemase: a glial enzyme synthesizing D-serine to regulate glutamate-N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission
journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Activity 5.1.1.18
sel selected
ui 10557334
year (1999)
volume 96
number 23
pages 13409-14
 
keywords Amino Acid Sequence
abstract Although D amino acids are prominent in bacteria, they generally are thought not to occur in mammals. Recently, high levels of D-serine have been found in mammalian brain where it activates glutamate/N-methyl-D- aspartate receptors by interacting with the "glycine site" of the receptor. Because amino acid racemases are thought to be restricted to bacteria and insects, the origin of D-serine in mammals has been puzzling. We now report cloning and expression of serine racemase, an enzyme catalyzing the formation of D-serine from L-serine. Serine racemase is a protein representing an additional family of pyridoxal-5' phosphate-dependent enzymes in eukaryotes. The enzyme is enriched in rat brain where it occurs in glial cells that possess high levels of D- serine in vivo. Occurrence of serine racemase in the brain demonstrates the conservation of D-amino acid metabolism in mammals with implications for the regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission through glia-neuronal interactions.
last changed 2009/07/03 14:46

B6db references