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B6db families: 4.1.1.28

4.1.1.28
Activity 4.1.1.28
Description Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Notes Phylogenetically, this family is rather compact, but strictly related to eukaryotic histidine decarboxylase.

Functionally, these enzymes are rather diverse (even though the generic name of the activity can justify their inclusion in a single family). In fact, these enzymes can act on L-Phenylalanine, L-Tyrosine, 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan, 5-Hydroxykynurenamine.

Although plant and animal enzymes share extensive amino acid similarity, they display striking differences in their substrate specificities. AADCs from metazoa accept a broad range of aromatic L-amino acids, whereas plant enzymes appear specialized for L-amino acids with either indole or phenol side chains, but not both.

The plant sequences are tightly related to, and barely distinguishable from, phenylacetaldehyde synthases (4.1.1.109 subafamilies a and b). These are specialized enzymes that stoichiometrically couple the decarboxylation of Phe with the further conversion of phenylethylamine to phenylacetaldehyde.

PDB 1JS6;
PLP Fold Type I
PLP-dependent Domain
Domain alignment
Domain hmm
Fold type I

Number of sequences 41
Sequences in seed alignment
BacteriaAAN68161 (Pseudomonas putida); CAB71551 (Polyangium cellulosum); AHL44346 (Streptomyces griseofuscus); BAB48249 (Mesorhizobium loti); ADX75485 (Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ED99); CAC90034 (Yersinia pestis);
FungiPPQ89700 (Psilocybe cyanescens); KIL65896 (Amanita muscaria Koide BX008); XP_001830384 (Coprinopsis cinerea okayama7#130); XP_570400 (Cryptococcus neoformans); XP_012184897 (Fibroporia radiculosa); EMD37052 (Gelatoporia subvermispora B);
MetazoaDDC_HUMAN (Homo sapiens); XP_027231216 (Penaeus vannamei); BAA95568 (Tenebrio molitor); DDC_CAVPO (Cavia porcellus); DDC_MANSE (Manduca sexta); AAC31639 (Aedes aegypti); AAK48988 (Bombyx mori); CAB37088 (Drosophila melanogaster); AAH56292 (Danio rerio); DDC_PIG (Sus scrofa); DDC_BOVIN (Bos taurus); XP_020302916 (Loa loa); AAU05398 (Caenorhabditis elegans); DDC_RAT (Rattus norvegicus);
ViridiplantaeACN62126 (Capsicum annuum); ACN62127 (Capsicum annuum); TYD2_PAPSO (Papaver somniferum); AYH64864 (Lycoris aurea); TYDC5_PAPSO (Papaver somniferum); XP_017234449 (Daucus carota subsp. sativus); NP_001078461 (Arabidopsis thaliana); XP_016465650 (Nicotiana tabacum); TYDC2_PETCR (Petroselinum crispum); ADL28270 (Rauvolfia verticillata); AEQ01059 (Mitragyna speciosa); AAB39709 (Camptotheca acuminata); AEY82396 (Tabernaemontana elegans); DDC_CATRO (Catharanthus roseus); BAC41515 (Ophiorrhiza pumila);

DISPLAY: Fasta format, alignment, hmm, hmm_local


Reference sequence DDC_BOVIN
Domain interval 35-414
Catalytic site 303 K
 
References
 Wang R, Han X, Xu S, Xia B, Jiang Y, Xue Y, Wang RR (2019) Cloning and characterization of a tyrosine decarboxylase involved in the biosynthesis of galanthamine in Lycoris aurea PeerJ 7 e6729.

 Luqman A, Nega M, Nguyen MT, Ebner P, Götz F (2018) SadA-Expressing Staphylococci in the Human Gut Show Increased Cell Adherence and Internalization Cell Rep 22 535-545.

 Jadaun JS, Sangwan NS, Narnoliya LK, Tripathi S, Sangwan RS (2017) Withania coagulans tryptophan decarboxylase gene cloning, heterologous expression, and catalytic characteristics of the recombinant enzyme Protoplasma 254 181-192.

 Liang J, Han Q, Ding H, Li J (2017) Biochemical identification of residues that discriminate between 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde synthase-mediated reactions Insect Biochem Mol Biol 91 34-43.

 Kalb D, Gressler J, Hoffmeister D (2016) Active-Site Engineering Expands the Substrate Profile of the Basidiomycete L-Tryptophan Decarboxylase CsTDC Chembiochem 17 132-6.

 Liu J, Ng T, Rui Z, Ad O, Zhang W (2014) Unusual acetylation-dependent reaction cascade in the biosynthesis of the pyrroloindole drug physostigmine Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 53 136-9.

 Charoonratana T, Wungsintaweekul J, Keawpradub N, Verpoorte R (2013) Molecular cloning and expression of tryptophan decarboxylase from Mitragyna speciosa Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 35 2611-2621.

 Wang MX, Cai ZZ, Lu Y, Xin HH, Chen RT, Liang S, Singh CO, Kim JN, Niu YS, Miao YG. (2013) Expression and functions of dopa decarboxylase in the silkworm, Bombyx mori was regulated by molting hormone. Mol Biol Rep. 40 4115-22..

 Liu W, Chen R, Chen M, Zhang H, Peng M, Yang C, Ming X, Lan X, Liao Z. (2012) Tryptophan decarboxylase plays an important role in ajmalicine biosynthesis in Rauvolfia verticillata. Planta. 236 239-50.

 Lehmann T, Pollmann S (2009) Gene expression and characterization of a stress-induced tyrosine decarboxylase from Arabidopsis thaliana FEBS Lett. 583 1895-900.

 Park S, Kang K, Lee K, Choi D, Kim YS, Back K. (2009) Induction of serotonin biosynthesis is uncoupled from the coordinated induction of tryptophan biosynthesis in pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum) upon pathogen infection. Planta 230 1197-206.

 Hare EE, Loer CM. (2004) Function and evolution of the serotonin-synthetic bas-1 gene and other aromatic amino acid decarboxylase genes in Caenorhabditis BMC Evol Biol 4 24.

 Yamazaki, Y.; Sudo, H.; Yamazaki, M.; Aimi, N.; Saito, K. (2003) Camptothecin biosynthetic genes in hairy roots of Ophiorrhiza pumila: cloning, characterization and differential expression in tissues and by stress compounds Plant Cell Physiol 44 395-403.

 Muller, R.; Gerth, K.; Brandt, P.; Blocker, H.; Beyer, S. (2000) Identification of an L-dopa decarboxylase gene from Sorangium cellulosum So ce90 Arch Microbiol 173 303-6.

 Maldonado-Mendoza, I.E.; Lopez-Meyer, M.; Galef, J.R.; Burnett, R.J.; Nessler, C.L. (1996) Molecular analysis of a new member of the opium poppy tyrosine/3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase gene family Plant Physiol 110 43-9.

 Moore, P.S.; Dominici, P.; Borri Voltattorni, C. (1996) Cloning and expression of pig kidney dopa decarboxylase: comparison of the naturally occurring and recombinant enzymes Biochem J 315 249-56.

 Hiruma, K.; Carter, M. S.; Riddiford, L. M. (1995) Characterization of the dopa decarboxylase gene of Manduca sexta and its suppression by 20-hydroxyecdysone Dev Biol 169 195-209.

 Kawalleck, P.; Keller, H.; Hahlbrock, K.; Scheel, D.; Somssich, I.E. (1993) A pathogen-responsive gene of parsley encodes tyrosine decarboxylase J Biol Chem 268 2189-94.

 Park, D. H.; Kim, K. T.; Choi, M. U.; Samanta, H.; Joh, T. H. (1992) Characterization of bovine aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase expressed in a mouse cell line: comparison with native enzyme Brain Res Mol Brain Res 16 232-8.

 De Luca, V.; Marineau, C.; Brisson, N. (1989) Molecular cloning and analysis of cDNA encoding a plant tryptophan decarboxylase: comparison with animal dopa decarboxylases Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 2582-6.

 Ichinose, H.; Kurosawa, Y.; Titani, K.; Fujita, K.; Nagatsu, T. (1989) Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase Biochem Biophys Res Commun 164 1024-30.

Articles on 4.1.1.28
last changed 2019/06/19 11:35

B6db families