B6db families : 4_1_1_15

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4.1.1.15 b

Activity

4.1.1.15

Description

Glutamate decarboxylase. (family b)

Notes

This family includes sequences from bacteria, fungi and plants. Similar sequences also exist in archaea, but they were not included here because none of them has been functionally validated.

Bacterial glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is a homohexameric enzyme of about 330 kDa, which plays an important role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis in acid environments.
Plant GAD differs from the bacterial enzyme in having a C-terminal extension of 33 amino acids within which resides a calmodulin (CaM)-binding domain. In plants, the enzyme product, GABA, is generally considered a metabolite, mostly produced in response to stress, but some evidences exist that it may also function as a signal molecule.

PLP Fold Type

PLP-dependent Domain

Domain alignment
Domain hmm

Fold type I

Number of sequences

Sequences in seed alignment

Bacteria	DCE_LACLC (Lactococcus lactis (subsp. cremoris)); ZP_00037596 (Enterococcus faecium); NP_963191 (Mycobacterium avium ); DCEA_ECOLI (Escherichia coli); T36342 (Streptomyces coelicolor); BAB81764 (Clostridium perfringens); AAK47878 (Mycobacterium tuberculosis); AAL82718 (Edwardsiella tarda); AAS41604 (Bacillus cereus); ZP_00031802 (Burkholderia fungorum); CAE33151 (Bordetella bronchiseptica); DCEB_LISMO (Listeria monocytogenes); NP_786643 (Lactobacillus plantarum ); AAZ95185 (Lactobacillus brevis); NP_440384.1 (Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803); AAO77677 (Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron); BAC72367 (Streptomyces avermitilis); CAE20649 (Prochlorococcus marinus); ZP_00023967 (Ralstonia metallidurans);
Fungi	EAA62607 (Aspergillus nidulans); EAA54393 (Magnaporthe grisea ); CAB91726 (Neurospora crassa); BAA88152 (Aspergillus oryzae);
Viridiplantae	DCE2_ARATH (Arabidopsis thaliana); DCE1_ARATH (Arabidopsis thaliana); DCE_LYCES (Lycopersicon esculentum); DCE_PETHY (Petunia hybrida); AAC39483 (Nicotiana tabacum); AAP46640 (Hordeum vulgare);

DISPLAY: Fasta format, alignment, hmm, hmm_local

Reference sequence

DCEA_ECOLI

Domain interval

33-383

Catalytic site

276 K

References

Park, K-B; Oh, S-H (2007) Cloning, sequencing and expression of a novel glutamate decarboxylase gene from a newly isolated lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus brevis OPK-3 Bioresource Technology 98 312-319.

Oh, S-H.; Choi W-G.; Lee I-T.;Yun S-J. (2005) Cloning and characterization of a rice cDNA encoding glutamate decarboxylase J Biochem Mol Biol. 38 595-601.

Capitani, G.; De Biase, D.; Aurizi, C.; Gut, H.; Bossa, F.; Grutter, M.G. (2003) Crystal structure and functional analysis of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase EMBO J. 22 4027-37.

Kato, Y.; Kato, Y.; Furukawa, K.; Hara, S. (2002) Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the glutamate decarboxylase-encoding gene gadA from Aspergillus oryzae Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 66 2600-5.

Nomura, M.; Nakajima, I.; Fujita, Y.; Kobayashi, M.; Kimoto, H.; Suzuki, I.; Aso, H. (1999) Lactococcus lactis contains only one glutamate decarboxylase gene Microbiology 145 1375-80..

Turano, F. J.; Fang, T. K. (1998) Characterization of two glutamate decarboxylase cDNA clones from Arabidopsis Plant Physiol 117 1411-21..

De Biase, D.; Tramonti, A.; John, R. A.; Bossa, F. (1996) Isolation, overexpression, and biochemical characterization of the two isoforms of glutamic acid decarboxylase from Escherichia coli Protein Expr Purif 8 430-8..

Articles on 4.1.1.15.b

last changed

2008/01/03 13:09