B6db families : 5_1_1_1

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5.1.1.1 a

Activity

5.1.1.1

Description

Alanine racemase. (family a)

Notes

A family that includes only bacterial enzymes, with the exception of two sequences from S. pombe.

The Salmonella enzyme (ALR1) has a monomeric structure.

Additional_domain AAD22403.1 300-700

PDB

1SFT;1RCQ;

PLP Fold Type

III

PLP-dependent Domain

Domain alignment
Domain hmm

Fold type III

Number of sequences

Sequences in seed alignment

Bacteria

ALR_LACRE (Lactobacillus reuteri); ALR1_ECOLI (Escherichia coli); ALR_MYCAV (Mycobacterium avium); ALR2_PSEAE (Pseudomonas aeruginosa); ALR_BACPS (Bacillus psychrosaccharolyticus); ALR1_CLOAB (Clostridium acetobutylicum); AF430807_9 (Enterococcus faecalis); ALR_LACPL (Lactobacillus plantarum); AAK53980.1 (Enterococcus casseliflavus); ALR_HELPY (Helicobacter pylori); ALR_TREPA (Treponema pallidum); ALR_HAEIN (Haemophilus influenzae); ALR_SYNY3 (Synechocystis sp. (strain PCC 6803)); VATG_ENTFA (Enterococcus faecalis); ALR_BACST (Bacillus stearothermophilus); BAC56127 (Bifidobacterium bifidum); ALR1_PSEAE (Pseudomonas aeruginosa); ALR2_ECOLI (Escherichia coli); ALR_MYCTU (Mycobacterium tuberculosis); ALR2_BACSU (Bacillus subtilis); ZP_00061927.1 (Clostridium thermocellum ); ALR1_SALTY (Salmonella typhimurium); ALR2_KLEAE (Klebsiella aerogenes); ALR_STRCO (Streptomyces coelicolor); ALR_MYCSM (Mycobacterium smegmatis); ALR_STRPN (Streptococcus pneumoniae); AAD22403.1 (Enterococcus gallinarum); ALR_AQUAE (Aquifex aeolicus); BAE19803 (Pseudomonas fluorescens); ALR_LISMO (Listeria monocytogenes); ALR2_SALTY (Salmonella typhimurium); ALR_ANASP (Anabaena sp. / Nostoc sp.);

Fungi

ALR1_SCHPO (Schizosaccharomyces pombe); ALR2_SCHPO (Schizosaccharomyces pombe);

DISPLAY: Fasta format, alignment, hmm, hmm_local

Reference sequence

ALR_BACST

Domain interval

7-230

Catalytic site

39 K

References

Ju, J.; Yokoigawa, K.; Misono, H.; Ohnishi, K. (2005) Cloning of alanine racemase genes from Pseudomonas fluorescens strains and oligomerization states of gene products expressed in Escherichia coli J. Biosci. Bioeng. 100 409-417.

Strych, U.; Penland, R. L.; Jimenez, M.; Krause, K. L.; Benedik, M. J. (2001) Characterization of the alanine racemases from two mycobacteria FEMS Microbiol Lett 196 93-8.

Uo, T.; Yoshimura, T.; Tanaka, N.; Takegawa, K.; Esaki, N. (2001) Functional characterization of alanine racemase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe: a eucaryotic counterpart to bacterial alanine racemase J Bacteriol 183 2226-33.

Arias, C. A.; Weisner, J.; Blackburn, J. M.; Reynolds, P. E. (2000) Serine and alanine racemase activities of VanT: a protein necessary for vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus gallinarum BM4174 Microbiology 146 1727-34.

Strych, U.; Huang, H. C.; Krause, K. L.; Benedik, M. J. (2000) Characterization of the alanine racemases from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Curr Microbiol 41 290-4.

Okubo, Y.; Yokoigawa, K.; Esaki, N.; Soda, K.; Kawai, H. (1999) Characterization of psychrophilic alanine racemase from Bacillus psychrosaccharolyticus Biochem Biophys Res Commun 256 333-40.

Shaw, J.P.; Petsko, G.A.; Ringe, D. (1997) Determination of the structure of alanine racemase from Bacillus stearothermophilus at 1.9-A resolution. Biochemistry 36 1329-1342.

Neidhart, D. J.; Distefano, M. D.; Tanizawa, K.; Soda, K.; Walsh, C. T.; Petsko, G. A. (1987) X-ray crystallographic studies of the alanine-specific racemase from Bacillus stearothermophilus. Overproduction, crystallization, and preliminary characterization J Biol Chem 262 15323-6.

Inagaki, K.; Tanizawa, K.; Badet, B.; Walsh, C. T.; Tanaka, H.; Soda, K. (1986) Thermostable alanine racemase from Bacillus stearothermophilus: molecular cloning of the gene, enzyme purification, and characterization Biochemistry 25 3268-74.

Articles on 5.1.1.1.a

last changed

2008/12/03 16:32